Social Control of Prostitution Essay - 781 Words

Social Control of Prostitution Prostitution is ambiguous to define. The Macquarie dictionary defines prostitution as 1. the act or practice of engaging in sexual intercourse 2. any base or unworthy use of talent, ability, etc. But the act of prostitution involves many other associated facets that are included under this extensive act. There’s the act itself, soliciting, advertising, pimping, house brothels, street prostitution, phone sex and even computer sex. Sweden treats prostitution as legal, however pimping is illegal. Canada bans soliciting for prostitution, but not the act themselves. Except for a few places in Nevada, the United States bans prostitution but permits its advertisement and tolerates massage parlours or bars that†¦show more content†¦The legal definition of prostitution has recently expanded in many Australian jurisdictions to encompass voyeuristic practices as well as non-monetary exchanges. Prostitution laws now make inclusions for massage parlours, phone sex and computer sex. Sullivan’s study into the politics of the sex industry in Australia since 1945, found that due to the shifts in sexual culture there have been discursive changes in society’s’ view of what constitutes as prostitution and what signifies as deviant sexual behaviour. Post war culture accentuated sexuality as the source of individual uniqueness, later progressing into the ideals of equality and mutuality between the s exes thus producing our sexual culture, as we know it today. Defining prostitution as a deviance Ancient civilisations did not condemn prostitution as sinful, but within the course of events over the past century, the view in most societies has changed to deem the act to the contrary (Thio p 214). To define prostitution as a deviance one must take into consideration the dynamics to which it applies. In correspondence with the Interactionist Perspective, Anleu observes how it is not the act of prostitution but how people identify it that makes it deviant . According to Roach Anleu (p 70) prostitutes carry the general label of thoseShow MoreRelatedThe Differential Theory And Social Control Theory1567 Words   |  7 Pagesand social control theory link to prostitution â€Å"Prostitution is the continual supply of physical sexual intercourse of some kind in direct exchange for material rewards, usually money† (Adriaenssens and Hendrickx 2012, p. 1) It is a corrupt way of producing one’s financial or personal gains. Women and men enter this line of business due to various reasons, which results with various types of prostitutes, such as; high-end escorts, third world sex slaves and street prostitutes. Prostitution is aRead MorePro Legalization of Prostitution Essay1151 Words   |  5 PagesPro Legalization of Prostitution The world’s largest trade, prostitution, has always found ways to overcome the legal attempts to suppress it. Prostitution has become one of the most common trades throughout the world. Many poor countries have turned to prostitution as an outlet from their economic difficulties. It is the easiest from of labor for those who do not have a proper education or the economic background to join the legal labor force. Many men and women haveRead MoreWhy The Agent Is Fully Self Owning Essay1445 Words   |  6 PagesLibertarians hold that every agent is fully self-owning. Every agent morally owns their own body, just as they can morally own an inanimate object. A set of five rules comes with full ownership of an entity. First, they control the right to use of their entity, â€Å"both a liberty-right to use it and a claim-right that others cannot use it† (Vallentyne). Second, the agent has the right to compensation if someone else uses the entity without the agent’s explicit permission. Third, the agent has the rightRead MoreBook Review: Lydias Open Door Essay1518 Words   |  7 PagesOpen Door contextualizes prostitution within a political and economic framework revealing how it is impossible to diagnose one without the others. She uses both macro and micro-analysis to deconstruct the variability in how prostitution is practiced, regulated and perceived through space and time. Throughout he r ethnography she discusses how globalization and neoliberalism changed the economic climate of Mexico and in turn transformed prostitution into an issue of social hygiene as well as a modernRead MoreShould Prostitution Be More Beneficial?1659 Words   |  7 PagesAllie Godat Jessica Perkins Writing 1 November 13, 2015 Prostitution In this essay, I will be giving my arguments on whether or not prostitution would be more beneficial to society and safer it wasn’t illegal. I will be giving you background information on the history of prostitution at the beginning of civilization, and how it came to be illegal in the United States. Next I will state the reasons why prostitution is currently criminalized, and why people think it should remain that way. I willRead MoreProstitution, Drugs And Money Laundering922 Words   |  4 Pages Prostitution, drugs and money laundering are all tied together in the underground world of the public crimes arena. In fact, acts are all influenced by the political, economic, and social relations intertwined with organized crime resulting in violence, public health issues, and money laundering schemes. Markets can be found online, on the streets, and through legitimate and illegitimate practices. The very nature of prostitution and drug crimes are considered victimless crime s, resulting in collateralRead MoreAdvantages of Legalizing Prostitution1749 Words   |  7 PagesProstitution is known as the oldest profession and has been around for millenniums, dating back to Roman, Byzantine, Greek and Egyptian empires (Baldwin, 2004). The ancient cultures of those empires dealt with the needs of the group and consequently developed protocols for dealing with sexual relations that have propagated throughout time to the modern era. As a result, prostitution is prominent in society today. When analyzing the sex trade, the factors of cultural precedence, philosophy, religionRead MoreThe Case Of Criminalising Prostitution1631 Words   |  7 Pagesgovernor of DKI Jakarta response to legalise prostitution in his territory. The Indonesian government has been criminalising prostitution based on the Book of the Criminal Justice Act (KUHP) regulation since more than 30 years ago, yet it did not make prostitution diminished and tends to increase the quantity of the pr ostitutes (Kenedi 2015). The current governor of DKI Jakarta, Basuki Tjahaja Purnama (Ahok) believes that there should be some form of control over the sex industry (Wardhani 2015). HeRead More Prostitution and Functionalism Essay694 Words   |  3 PagesProstitution and Functionalism Works Cited Not Included Throughout America and the entire world, prostitution flourishes. Prostitution is another never ending war like abortion, which society feels is immoral. This immorality leads functionalists, who apply functionalism to this social problem, on a chase to figure out why prostitution is what it is today. Functionalism is the best theory for looking at prostitution. It allows us to see how prostitution changes along with other aspects ofRead MoreA Walking Tour Of Montreal s Historical Red Light District995 Words   |  4 Pageswalking tour of Montrà ©al’s historical Red Light District presented by Karen Herland, professor and specialist in the history of prostitution. Her historical analysis (personal communication, October 2, 2015) of the neighbourhood gave great insights on morality and legislation issues regarding sex work, specifically about the relationship between authorities and prostitution as well as some of the impacts that these laws and other attitudes that regu late sex work have on women. Her astute reports lead

Comparison and Contrast Paper Medieval Characteristics Free Essays

Prior Expectations Regarding Literary Masterpieces Patsy Baker ENG/106 March 25, 2013 Sandra Rooks Prior Expectations Regarding Literary Masterpieces Literature reveals the soul of a civilization. The manner in which a civilization develops is in direct correlation with the quality and nature of its literature. Literary masterpieces are treasure troves to be read, analyzed, and enjoyed. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison and Contrast Paper: Medieval Characteristics or any similar topic only for you Order Now At first, many ancient masterpieces may seem hard to comprehend for a novice reader; however, the effort exerted to grasp their merit is well worth the result. A Yiddish saying states that life without creativity is existence without joy. Obtaining an understanding and appreciation of successful literature opens the door to learning about the author, the author’s culture, and the necessary elements to emulate the techniques to produce such a masterpiece. Exposure to literary masterpieces began in my high school years. Ontario educational standards required every student to take classes in Greek, Roman, and Norse literature. Learning ancient Greek and Latin enriched my education and understanding of the value of their literature, and studies of the techniques and styles of each genre. Comprehending the nuances of their languages enhanced the comprehension of these masterpieces. Also I learned illiteracy of the general populous was the reason for early writings written in poetic format so it could be sung. Hesiod, Homer, and Virgil were the master-storytellers who used elements such as personification, metaphors, onomatopoeia, and similes to make their stories come alive to the listener; for example, â€Å"The fertile earth being burnt, roared out†¦Ã¢â‚¬  provides an auditory picture of the viciousness of the battle (2008, p. 59). The Theogony†, â€Å"Iliad,† and â€Å"Aeneid† describe the hierarchy and intrigue of the immortals, including their interaction among themselves and with mortals. The style and techniques applied in literary masterpieces should reflect the religion, culture, or historical influences of the author’s life experiences. These elements contribute to the substance of the author’s presentation. For examp le, it would be extremely difficult for the Book of Genesis to be as effective in teaching the creation of mankind if it were written by a person whose religion was polytheistic. One of the key theme’s of Genesis is monotheism and that the Supreme Being created all things. Plato’s â€Å"The Apology† could have been incoherent and less effective without his knowledge of the knack of rhetoric learned from such teachers as Socrates. Sophocles understood the suffering of violence from living through the Peloponnesian Wars. Also his setting for â€Å"Oedipus the King† was Colonus, the same town he grew up in. Of note, he is acknowledged as the creator of skenographia—scene painting helping to define better the setting for his play. Finally, Sophocles used symbolism for the name of the hero—â€Å"Oidipous† means swollen foot. This name emphasizes the angst of Oedipus who was taunted in his youth. (2008, p. 501). The authenticity of the author’s writing must reflect the author’s life. The reader’s expectation of the author’s purpose for writing the literary masterpiece should not be a determinant for the reader’s expectations of its content. The purpose should become evident upon reading the entire piece. For example, the biblical story of Daniel in the lions’ den inspires courage and faith. The graphic violence in â€Å"Oedipus the King† is disturbing; however, it is thought-provoking. Some literary masterpieces can be painful. For example, reading the Apostle Luke’s description of Jesus’ crucifixion is emotionally painful and haunting; however, it spiritually enlightens the reader. Understanding literary masterpieces may be difficult to comprehend but not boring. Predetermined expectations of the purpose or proper reactions from literary pieces prejudice the reader and should, therefore, be avoided. Enthusiastic high school English teachers and talented Ancient Greek and Latin teachers encouraged my understanding and appreciation of literary masterpieces. Sometimes, it is hard for a teenager to believe the word â€Å"modern† is not always the best, and the word â€Å"ancient† is not always unpalatable. From these encounters, my understanding of cultures, religions, and writing skills expanded. I learned the effectiveness of literary devices such as irony, allegory, onomatopoeia, and satire. The historical time frame of the writing, the cultural aspects of the writer, and historical events within the piece are important aspects in evaluating the quality of literature. If possible, reading literature in its original language helps to increase the appreciation of the quality of its excellence. Finally, reading a piece of literature more than once may enlighten a reader concerning its qualities. Important characteristics of literary masterpieces must focus on artistic excellence, intellectual value, spiritual value, permanence, universal appeal, style, and be thought provoking. No literary piece can stand the test-of-time without these attribu tes. Consider the Torah and the Christian Bible. Their spiritual appeal affects millions of lives. Both have existed throughout the ages. They are thought provoking and have unique styles. The Psalms are well-known and possess all these attributes. For example, Psalms 23 is sung in both Jewish and Christian places of worship. The value of literary masterpieces to the world is immeasurable. There are some important influences of literary masterpieces on modern society. Freud based some of his concepts of psychoanalysis on Sophocles’ character of Oedipus. The Twelve Commandments from the Torah are the basis for civil laws prohibiting murder and theft. Concepts of human kindness and acts of charity are based on Jesus’ teaching in the Four Gospels. Charitable and religious groups practice acts of kindness based on these writings. The aforementioned examples demonstrate the importance of literary masterpieces on modern society. Literature is a window allowing readers to see the personality of a civilization. It is a window to the mores, ideals, creativity, and spiritual heart of a civilization. There is immeasurable cultural and spiritual wealth in literary masterpieces. Although some literary masterpieces are difficult to understand, they are a spring of enlightenment to those who strive to grasp their value. The comprehension and admiration of literary masterpieces is a key to obtaining awareness and comprehension of the value of the writings. This key provides a portal to the world of the author, the civilization, and the tools to create such a work of art. Reference Damrosch, D. , Alliston, A. , Brown, M. , duBois, P. , Hafez, S. , Heise, U. K. , et al (2008). The Longman Anthology of World Literature. New York, NY: Pearson Education Inc. How to cite Comparison and Contrast Paper: Medieval Characteristics, Papers

gattaca (summary and analysis) Essay Example For Students

gattaca (summary and analysis) Essay Gattaca A Film by Andrew Niccol Summary and Analysis Summary Exactly five seconds after he came into the world, Vincent Freeman was already considered to be a looser. His first genetic test revealed high probabilities of hyperactivity, sight troubles and serious heart diseases, a life expectancy of 30 years and 2 months and quite low intellectual faculties. At that time, the artificial insemination of test tube babies selected according to their genetic potential had become for many people the natural way of making children. But Vincents parents had preferred to let the other nature take its course. Of course they regretted it, and for their next child they went to see a geneticist. A perfect son has been born to them, a son who deserved to be called Anton, like his father. While Vincent was forced by his genetic code and the system to study at home, Anton was taller and better at anything than his elder brother. They used to play at softy. The game consisted of swimming in the sea as far as possible and being the last to make an about-turn. Vincent was always the softy. But besides his weak health, he had a very strong will. His lifelong dream was to join Gattaca, probably the most prestigious company on earth whose activity is to explore galaxies, and go into space. To achieve his aim, he has not stopped studying during his whole adolescence, despite his fathers discouragements. One day, he tells him that, with his health problems, the only opportunity that he could get to see the inside of a spaceship was to do the cleaning in it. In a way, it was true. Gattaca was certainly not about to invest money to train him whereas there were so many other applicants with a better profile. A bit later, the boys played at softy again. But that time, Vincent won. For him, it was the moment that made all the rest possible, the moment when he realized that everything was possible. And one night, he left home to never go back there. He found several works before joining Gattaca, but as his father had told him, as a cleaner. He had never been closer to his dream. Nevertheless at that time, he had never felt farther from it. But still full of will, he did not stop his efforts: intensive trainings, intensive studies and no social life. Thinking he was ready, he applied for a job and obtained an interview. Then he understood that his efforts would never be enough. The company would analyse anything to identify his genetic code: the trace left by a fingerprint, saliva on a glass, anything. This was called genoism and was forbidden but this law was not taken seriously. Faced to this setback, he adopted the most radical solution. He met a man who introduced him Jerome Morrow. Jerome is a former athlete who was paralyzed after an accident and condemned to move in a wheelchair. He used to be a very good sportsman and had won a silver medal during the world championship. But it was not his only quality. His whole genetic code was perfect. The mans task was to help Vincent to take Jeromes identity. With such a profile, Vincent was to make a promising career in Gattaca. The man provided them all the equipment they needed so that Vincent could join the company and stay there under Jeromes identity, Vincent paid the man and Jeromes rent and Jerome gave his genetic code. Jerome was a bitter character who could not accept his paralysis and who also has difficulties to accept Vincent, the man who was going to become him, steal his identity. But little by little, he understood that there was a real exchange between them. While he was giving Vincent his life, Vincent gave him his dream and brought interest in his gloomy life. Under Jeromes name and profile, Vincent climbed the rungs of Gattacas hierarchical ladder very quickly. .u5a20b64ca80e30bd61113defc4ba61ad , .u5a20b64ca80e30bd61113defc4ba61ad .postImageUrl , .u5a20b64ca80e30bd61113defc4ba61ad .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5a20b64ca80e30bd61113defc4ba61ad , .u5a20b64ca80e30bd61113defc4ba61ad:hover , .u5a20b64ca80e30bd61113defc4ba61ad:visited , .u5a20b64ca80e30bd61113defc4ba61ad:active { border:0!important; } .u5a20b64ca80e30bd61113defc4ba61ad .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5a20b64ca80e30bd61113defc4ba61ad { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5a20b64ca80e30bd61113defc4ba61ad:active , .u5a20b64ca80e30bd61113defc4ba61ad:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5a20b64ca80e30bd61113defc4ba61ad .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5a20b64ca80e30bd61113defc4ba61ad .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5a20b64ca80e30bd61113defc4ba61ad .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5a20b64ca80e30bd61113defc4ba61ad .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5a20b64ca80e30bd61113defc4ba61ad:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5a20b64ca80e30bd61113defc4ba61ad .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5a20b64ca80e30bd61113defc4ba61ad .u5a20b64ca80e30bd61113defc4ba61ad-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5a20b64ca80e30bd61113defc4ba61ad:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Racism In The 1960S Essay Since any particle of his body could betray him, he used to brush his skin, his nails and his hair as meticulously as possible, to vacuum his desk and leave Jeromes hair or skin dust instead. He always had an urine .

Saint Francis Of Assisi Essays - Franciscan Spirituality, Ascetics

Saint Francis Of Assisi This biography had a lot of information on St. Francis of Assisi. He was a very generous man who founded the Friars. Along the way he accomplished many good deeds. He gave all that he had to the poor so that they could live a better life. The only things he needed were food, shelter, and companionship. St. Francis of Assisi was born in September of the year 1182. He was born to a rich merchant named Pietro di Bernardone. In 1202 he was held prisoner for several months over a dispute between Assisi and Perugia. This was followed by a period of illness. He didn't like the way his life was going so he turned to prayer and service for the poor. In 1206 he officially turned down his fathers fortune. To help bring his life to good he decided to become a hermit. This attracted many followers. He preached about the idea of having a simple life of following the Gospels. When Pope Innocent III found out about his good works Francis was ordained a deacon. His followers increased in population and were called friars, which is a lower form of Francis' name. In 1212 he got help from Saint Clare and established a branch for women called the Poor Clares. In 1221 Francis made a new edition for the lay people called the Third order. After a long life of hard work he finally retired from leading the friars. At this time he was given the stigmata or imprint of the wounds of Christ on his own body. He also wrote the Canticle of Brother Sun. He died October 3,1226. He was canonized a Saint in 1228 and his Feast day is October 4. This book taught me that Francis was a rich man before he converted his life. I thought that he was always poor and he was showing appreciation for the things around him. This act of kindness makes me think of him as even a better person. This book also taught me that he didn't have that many followers at first. When he started it was just him. In 1221 he had eleven. Over more than ten years he hadn't made many followers. This book taught me that Francis not only gave up his fortune but he firmly believed in being poor. Not for one second would he have thought that being rich would have helped him more. From his point of view he had all he needed with him. This book taught me that people made fun of him for what he did. How could you make fun of someone that is doing such a great deed? He wasn't hurting anyone. He was just helping people. This book taught me that he made more than a Franciscan order. He also made an order for women and for lay people. His teachings were for all people, and not only religious people. I liked this book because it got deep down into St. Francis' life and showed all of the good points. It sends out a good message to all people that read the book. I didn't like the book because it had a lot of stories that made the book kind of boring. They talked too much about rules instead of talking about what he did. The book was also to my liking because they used more action than normal biographies do. Normal biographies are usually all facts. This one had some stories and some neat quotes. St. Francis was a great man that teaches us a great lesson in courage. He gave up all that he had to just to help other people. These days that is very rare. People just don't want to follow in his example anymore. All Catholics should imitate his teachings.

Freelance Writing Course †Autumn 2014

Freelance Writing Course – Autumn 2014 Freelance Writing Course Autumn 2014 Freelance Writing Course Autumn 2014 By Daniel Scocco Twice a year we open the enrollment for our Freelance Writing Course. The course is a 6-week program aimed at people who want to get started making money freelance writing online. You’ll get in-depth lessons on everything you need to know, including the tools and trade and the resources you can use to make your life as a freelance writer easier. More than 1200 students joined us over the years, and the feedback we receive is always very positive. Heres what one of the past students said about the course: Your course is amazing. What I have learned so far has been very helpful and I have looked ahead at what is still there and I am amazed at the depth of knowledge you have given me. The downloadable books are a big bonus. I know this course will be the best help I could ever find to becoming a freelance writer. Every week you get access to a new module. They are: 1. Writing Productivity: Youll learn how to become a prolific writer, which is essential if you want to make money writing. 2. Building an Online Presence: Setting up a website is not enough these days. You need to know how to promote it and how to reach the right people online. 3. Writing for the Web: Freelance writing is changing, and this module focuses on the differences youll face while freelance writing for websites and online publications. 4. Finding Clients: Probably the most important module. Here youll learn where and how to find your first clients, and how to obtain high-paying writing gigs over time. 5. Running a Writing Business: Freelance writing is like any business, and as such youll need to manage it efficiently if you want to increase your earnings over time. 6. Social Media: In this module youll discover tactics you can use to leverage social media sites to boost your career. For this edition we have re-designed the members area, optimizing it for mobile devices. This means that youll be able to go through the lessons using any smartphone or tablet. Enrollment starts today and runs until Saturday, October 25. -> Click here to visit the official page where you can get all the details and join. Dont miss out! Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Freelance Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to Capitalize Animal and Plant NamesAwoken or Awakened?Narrative, Plot, and Story

German Phrasebook on Classroom Vocabulary

German Phrasebook on Classroom Vocabulary This phrasebook, a collection of English-German phrases and expressions for the German-language classroom, is intended as an aid for students who will use the target language (die Zielsprache: Deutsch) in a classroom setting. For beginners, use of a phonetic  German Alphabet  can help with pronunciation, as this guidance is not included here. Showing Respect Forms of Address: Mrs./Ms. Schmidt, Mr. Schmidt Anredeformen: Frau Schmidt, Herr Schmidt Note: Always address your teacher, professor, or other school personnel as Sie! Your fellow students should be addressed as du (one) or ihr (more than one). Common Classroom Phrases Hi there! Hi everyone!Hallo allerseits! Hallo alle zusammen! Sorry Im late.Tut mir Leid, dass ich zu spt komme. What does ___ mean?Was bedeutet/heißt ___? Whats the German for ___?Was heißt ___ auf Deutsch? I dont understand.Ich verstehe nicht. More slowly, please.Lamgsamer bitte. Pardon? What was that? (I didnt understand)Wie bitte? (Avoid Was?, the German equivalent of Huh?) Could you please repeat that? (to teacher)Bitte wiederholen Sie das! Could you please repeat that? (to student)Noch einmal bitte! May I go to the restroom?Darf ich auf die Toilette?/aufs Klo? Could I go out/leave for a minute?Darf ich kurz mal hinausgehen? How do you spell that?Wie schreibt man das? Ive already done that.Ich hab das schon gemacht. Do we have homework?Haben wir Hausaufgaben? Which page/exercise?Welche Seite/ÃÅ"bung? I dont know.Ich weiß nicht. I have no idea.Ich habe keine Ahnung. yes - no - OKja - nein - Schon gut. Whats the difference between ___ and ___?Was ist der Unterschied zwischen ___ und ___?

Appeal letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Appeal letter - Essay Example During that time, I had a second course, which I was to attend, running concurrently with this one, and this presented me with a conflict of interest. I consulted as to whether to attend the first course or leave it and attend the second course. My instructor advised me to stay with the first course; also, he mentioned that it was not necessary for me to complete the whole book. However, afterwards, when I turned in my first paper after reading the book halfway, I got a D. I just had only one night to rewrite the work. My instructor sent the comment of my first paper to an email that I rarely used, it was not the IU mail. I had to rewrite the first paper, as well as, complete the new second paper in a very short time and in a tense mood. My stress levels were elevated since I had other assignments, and he had set a tight deadline for me to revise the paper. I worked the whole night in order to finish the assignments; the stress that I experienced must have made me to include direct quotes from the book or I thought that I could cite later. This is also, why I was so sure that I had provided the correct citations, at the end of the paper. My instructor put a lot of effort in looking for mistakes in my first and second paper, and he did not get anything to prove. If he was not discriminating me as a Chinese student, why was he spending a lot of time looking for mistakes instead of grading? I can say it is because, he did not believe Chinese students could write well. Without having any other material to prove that I plagiarized in my first paper and second paper, he said to me that he already changed the grade to F. In addition, my second paper was D+ at first. For that reason, I thought it would be meaningless to complete my third paper since this course only graded three papers and there was no exam. I had never missed any classes

The Pros & Cons of In-House Versus Outsourced R&D Activity for Assignment

The Pros & Cons of In-House Versus Outsourced R&D Activity for Technology Firms - Assignment Example This research will begin with the statement that there is recent evidence showing that firms no longer depend entirely on in-house R&D to maintain their technological competitiveness. This development, in as much as it has been contended, in portions reflects technological and economical globalization, whereby there is an increasing correspondence in categories of technologies across countries of harmony. Consequently, cross border competition is growing which has resulted in fewer opportunities for profits despite higher costs in retaining technological resources to remain internationally competitive. On the other hand, there is evidence that outsourcing research and development (R&D) activities are on the increase too, for instance in the R&D Magazine January 2001 Issue reports according to a survey of the people reading, a significant portion of the total R&D would be outsourced. The term non – internal is a premeditated one and is proposed to comprise of both outer activit ies (arms-length relationships that include licensing, R&D contracts, outsourcing and other customer supplier relationships) and quasi-external activity like strategic alliances which is said to involve a good number of organizational methods. Non- internal activities are advantageous as they are a ‘reversible’ asset as well as benefits of exploring new areas prompting radical transformation. The funds needed are smaller and the dangers are to a great extent reduced and, in case of the organizational predicament of failure, the limited damage is imposed on primary operations of the firm.

Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) Essay Example for Free

Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) Essay 1. PURPOSE: This Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) defines how to conduct clearing, disassembling, cleaning, inspection for serviceability, and lubricating and reassembling of the M4 and/or the M4A1 carbine on a weekly basis. 2. APPLICABILITY: 3rd Platoon, HHC, 5th Signal Command 3. REFERENCES: Lubricate order (LO); Soldier Training Publication 21-1-Soldier Manual of Common Task; TM 9–1005–319–10; and DA Form 2404, Equipment Inspection and Maintenance Worksheet. 4. RESPONSIBILITIES: a. All Soldiers will be responsible for properly clearing, disassembling, cleaning, inspecting for serviceability, lubricating, and reassembling of their M4 or M4A1. b. All Soldiers will be responsible for their assigned weapon and make sure weekly maintenance is conducted and inform the unit armorer of any deficiencies found during training or weapon maintenance. c. Complete three copies of DA Form 2404 for each M4 or M4A1 carbine. Turn in one copy to the armorer, Keep one copy for individual records, and give a copy to the platoon sergeant. 5. PROCEDURES: a. Weapons will be checked and cleared prior to disassembly of your weapon. When clearing your weapon, put your weapon on safe if not done so already, and have your battle buddy ensure that the firing chamber is clear. b. When disassembling your weapon, follow procedures IAW TM 9-1005-319-10 for proper instructions. When disassembly is completed, keep all components in a centralized location so as to prevent misplacing weapon parts. c. Clean each part with the required weapons cleaning kit provided to you by the arms room. Ensure that all parts are free of dirt, grime, dust, and carbon. d. Upon cleaning, inspect your weapon to ensure that there are no missing  components, cracks, dents, or other discrepancies that would interfere with the weapon’s operation. Any and all discrepancies will be annotated on DA From 2404, Equipment Inspection, and Maintenance Worksheet. 6. SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS: The arms room is open daily from 0900 hrs to 1630 hrs.

Plagiarism and the Internet :: Cheating Education Essays

Plagiarism and the Internet The consequences of plagiarism are both legal and academic. Plagiarism has been a concern in America since the founding fathers wrote the Constitution empowering the Legislative branch to protect intellectual and creative works. Today plagiarism can be easily accomplished due to the World Wide Web. If people violate copyright laws, they are subject to fines and imprisonment. When people choose to plagiarize, they are restricting their level of academic learning. The people who have done the research and posted it on the web will not receive the credit that they deserve. To plagiarize is â€Å"to take ideas or writings from another and pass them off as one’s own† (Webster’s New World Dictionary). It is extremely easy to access information on the World Wide Web. The proliferation of computers and printers in libraries, schools, and homes has enabled voluminous information to be accessible to all. This access has tempted some people to use othersâ⠂¬â„¢ writings as their own. Many students today find it easy to plagiarize in order to fill up pages, and hand a paper in on time. â€Å"A national survey published in Education Week found that 54% of students admitted to plagiarizing from the Internet† (â€Å"Plagiarism.org†). While this may seem like a good idea to some, the grade is not worth the consequences. When students plagiarize, they no longer read or sort the material; they are simply printing out someone else’s work. Those students are basically going through the motions of learning. Another danger of plagiarizing is that you may be using false information from the Web. Students who thoroughly research and sort the information are helping themselves. Evaluating the information and drawing their own conclusions improves the student academically and intellectually. Persons are usually penalized for plagiarism in their academic setting. In most universities a person will receive an F for the class without refund. Sometimes the person may face monetary fines and will be banned from extracurricular activities (â€Å"Plagiarism Q&A†). The College of New Jersey has little tolerance for those who plagiarize. If a student is caught plagiarizing, the faculty member will first decide whether or not the student’s violations were intentional.

Cinema: Organizational Overview

What Is the span of control of the film purchase director? [2] The film purchase director has 3 subordinates which are under his command therefore the span of control is 3. 2. How many levels of hierarchy are there In the cinema buildings department? [2] There are 4 levels of hierarchy In the cinema buildings department which are the following: Cinema Buildings Director, Regional Buildings Managers, Cinema Managers (in each country) and Cinema Staff. 3. Outline three drawbacks of a centralized structure in this business. 6] A centralized structure Is a management structure where decision making Is done at higher levels by those with a strong position that includes having combined considerable knowledge and information about what needs to be done. In a centralized organization, decisions made by higher management are typically communicated to lower organizational levels who are then expected to accept and move forward in a way consistent with those decisions. Centralization Is keeping all of the Important decision making powers within head office or the centre of the organization.The control In this kind of organization Is kept In the centre. To begin with, a centralized structure may not be very suitable to this business. With a centralized structure, there will be more supervision and less flexibility, therefore managers will have to look for permission from a superior head office If they want to change or do something dissimilar. This will be negative to the cinema since it will delay decision making and make the cinemas less responsive to changes In the market. Moreover, a centralized structure would be a negative aspect to this kind of business (the cinema) since it directly affects managers.Since managers have to follow any instructions given by the command center, there will be very little chance to get managers to make their own decisions and be Innovative. This may be a hygiene factor' stated by the theorist Herbert. Their Jobs will be less challenging and less amusing and also their duty is lower. In this case having more responsibilities and a more challenging Job would be ‘motivators' in Herbert theory. A centralized structure would be a denominator to subordinates, lower in the hierarchy of staff.Furthermore, another aspect In which centralization could be negative in this kind of cuisines could be the following. On this kind of structure, the head manager would decide on how the cinemas have to work and even deciding on opening, closing and performing times. It will also decide on what kind of films have to perform on every cinema on the business branch. This would be a negative aspect since the business could operate on more than one country meaning that there are different cultures and preferred genres of films in every country.There would be several differences in the countries that Majestic Cinema operates in; therefore some films may not be popular on some countries. This could reduce potential demand and cinemas m ight miss out on lucrative opportunities. To conclude with, it is not always a very positive aspect to have a centralized structure on different kind of businesses specially those who tend to operate on more than one country which plays with different cultures and tastes. 4. Explain how Paul might decentralized the decision making in this business. 6] Decisions are allowed to be taken away from the head managers in a decentralized organization. In this case, for Paul to decentralized the decision making in this cuisines, he has to delegate the decision-making down the hierarchy of workers to a lower rank position. By delivering the business the span of control would increase, having more managers on each level, but it would be possible to delegate. In this case it may be true that Paul may want to delayer the organization; in the case study we can see that he speculates if middle managers are fully necessary.By delivering we mean that since middle managers are useless, it could be a good idea to remove them of the process. 5. Discuss the consequences to the business and to the cinema managers of centralizing decision-making authority to them. [10] organization. For decentralization to occur, it would be necessary to delegate decision-making down the hierarchy of workers. Decentralization is the transfer of decision making it is escorted by delegation of authority to individuals at any level in the organization.Decentralization decision-making authority of the business and cinema managers can be a positive aspect or a drawback to the business and the cinema managers. To begin with, this decentralization decision could be a benefit to them since it could be an opportunity to delayer the organization. By delivering the organization, they would be able to remove middle managers which may not be essential and in this way could eventually reduce the cost of the business. Moreover, decentralization decision-making authority would mean an increase in sales the need of consultation on head officers.Since this organization operates in more than one country, globally, it is obvious that each country has different cultures. By operating differently in each country, for cultural differences, the business could not lose the sales which could hypothetically been lost if each country was treated equally. The business would be now able to set different films and food/drinks according to the wants of each country. Furthermore, the decentralization idea could also be positive to the business but specially to managers.Decentralization could include delegation and a more important role to managers on the business. This supports Herbert theory of motivators in which managers are motivated by playing a more important role in the business. Managers also tend to prefer more challenging tasks in which they feel they have an input to the business. In addition, it would also be an advantage to customers and eventually the business. Decentralization would mean that the needs of the consumers could be attended with more flexibility.If the business manages to respond quickly to needs there would be an increased customer satisfaction which could finally lead to an increase in demand. On the other hand, decentralization may not be always as positive to the business or managers. Decentralization decision-making authority could provoke an increase in short term costs of delivering. When delivering, the business is making the middle managers redundant. In this situation the business might experience redundancy costs as well as contradictions from managers. What is more, Herbert theory may not be applied to every worker in the business.It is possible that not every worker would feel attracted to delegation or an increase in responsibility. It is likely that certain workers may prefer autocratic leadership and follow simple orders and rules since they may find this path easier and more practical. Additionally, the fact that the business would have to s ell different products on each cinema in the branch would be a negative aspect. It would be in this case since the business would have to buy different food and drinks for every single cinema in the branch, depending also on the region or culture it operates in.This would terminate with the advantage of bulk buying they had if they used a centralized structure, since they are now not buying in bulk and hence not getting economies of scale. Besides, a decentralized decision -making authority structure would mean that middle managers would be cut off. This means that managers on lower skilled levels would take more important roles in the decisions of the business. Since these managers loud be less skilled they could have more errors as they have less experience and be a negative aspect to the business.To bring to a close, it is arguable that businesses decide on having a decentralized decision-making authority structure since when decentralization the business not every worker is take n into account and the inexperience and denomination of workers may finish on disastrous endings to the business. Majestic cinemas would benefit from a flexible approach which could meet the needs of the customers more effectively and eventually having a long-term profit on the business.

The Case of American Apparel(a Clothing Manufacturer)

Two Practices in Business related to the topic from Business Magazines. The case of American Apparel(a clothing manufacturer): Charney squarely declares : â€Å"I've had relationships, loving relationships, that I'm proud of. I think it's a First Amendment right to pursue one's affection for another human being. † And he is talking about his staff. He has admitted to having numerous love affairs with colleagues in the past. He is even known to work at office dressed in nothing other than underwear. This attitude in fact percolates to American Apparel’s culture, is almost second-nature for most of the employees and is visible even in the decor of its stores. The stores' white walls are dotted with product shots. Like the company's signature advertisements, these are grainy, seemingly candid photos of young people in various states of undress. Charney has been adept at weaving his libertarian sexual attitude with his progressive labor practices. But to make it the gospel or the bedrock principle for it to be followed by ALL of its employees is another story. In May 2005, he was sued by three women — all former American Apparel employees — who claim they were sexually harassed by him at work. Businessweek spoke to multiple employees of American Apparel to gather an understanding of the under-currents of their workplace. Most stated that the place reeks of a highly sexual atmosphere and they were offended by it. So much so that Mr. Charney himself does not deny a report that precluded the sexual harassment case filed, which reported that he engaged in graphic sexual acts with a female employee in presence of the journalist. Seniors actively pursued sexual relationships with the junior colleagues and rewarded them accordingly. Yet, there are people with sound sense everywhere and there were 3 women employees who complained of sexual harassment. They consequently filed a case against Mr. Charney. He came out in his defense flatly refuting the charges against him and claimed that these 3 women were sub-standard employees and gave no indication before they left that they had felt harassed. By all accounts, the 3 litigants were not involved with him physically. Yet, all 3 accused Mr. Charney of using foul and unparliamentary language frequently when conversing with them. They also said that this offended and shocked them and created â€Å"a hostile work environment. † One of the women stated that her boss made her work life miserable with unwelcome sexual comments and suggestive signals. And she says she was dismissed after she complained. One of the purposes that this case serves is that it clearly illustrates the role of perception of sexual harassment at workplace. Business owners, managers and the business culture they propagate are critical components of any no-tolerance plan regarding sexual harassment. Should harassment occur, evidence needs to be provided that appropriate steps are undertaken to prevent and handle the incident. This is why a sexual harassment policy is critical. However, in American Apparel’s case, instead of a robust policy to take care of any potential sexual harassment case, the CEO of the firm himself indulged in harassing his exployees. This resulted in the perception that has come to be recognized now with the name of American Apparel. The company even maintains a string of apartments in the U. S. and Canada to save money on hotel rooms for obvious purposes. Any potential employee now goes looking for a job in A. A. knowing fully well the attitude of the firm towards sexual and suggestive behaviour in the workplace. Practices in business related to sexual harassment: Sexual harassment training programs: As much as 62% of all US businesses now offer some kind of sexual harassment prevention training programs for employees: managers and subordinates alike. Though not a legal requirement for any business(yet), these programs do tend to serve as an assurance in the minds of the employers that should there be a case of sexual harassment at work, they do have a recourse, a channel to address it. And to protect them in case a lawsuit is filed. Some reports suggest that sexual harassment cases are increasingly on the rise. Not only this, the reports also suggest that the harassment has reached the higher levels of management, as in the case of American Apparel. Keeping this in mind, it becomes all the more imperative and necessary for a firm to adopt a sexual harassment prevention policy. It is imperative that an employee is provided a safe and comfortable environment to work in. In â€Å"Sexual Harassment in the Workplace: A Primer†, Barry Roberts and Richard Mann recommend that businesses need to understand sexual harassment; communicate a policy; enforce a policy; establish procedures; and enforce policy. In that respect, a sexual harassment training program plays an all important role. For a policy or set of grievance procedures to be effective, all employees, from upervisors to line workers, administrators to custodial staff, need to be knowledgeable about the company's policy and grievance procedures. Sexual harassment training needs to be very explicit in explaining the laws pertaining to sexual harassment, clearly define and describe the company’s policy and its grievance procedure. Effective programs reflect good teac hing and learning practices. They are descriptive, intensive, relevant, and positive (Berkowitz 1998): –They require the involvement of all members of a company or school and include family and community members who have an influence on the employees' or students' life. -They offer participatory, problem-based learning experiences that are interactive and actively engage the student in learning. –They are tailored to the â€Å"age, community culture, and socioeconomic status of the trainee and are contextualized to the individual's peer group experiences† (ibid. , p. 3). –They present information from a positive viewpoint, encouraging healthy behavior rather than forbidding poor behaviour.

Laicization in Latin America

Laicization in Latin America Before most Latin American nations gained independence from European powers, Catholicism was the dominant religion. The Catholic Church, as introduced by the Spanish, French and Portuguese in their respective colonies, maintained co-operative rather than competitive powers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Laicization in Latin America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, people had a set of specific religious rules to follow, which were both strict and compulsory in most families. However, the introduction of Protestantism and other religious movements brought some significance changes among many communities. In fact, distinguishing of religious powers in the region came with the birth of â€Å"Laicization†. Laicization in religion is a term used in reference to a secular way in which people gain the freedom to do various social and religious actions with little influence of mainstream religion. Some of these aspects include privatisation of religions, social differentiation and different configuration of beliefs. Such activities have faced much opposition in Latin America, especially in regions where the population of Catholics are dominant. In some of these areas, Catholics hold on to the claim that Catholic should be the only church in control of both political and religious affairs. The purpose of this paper is to discuss Laicization by answering such questions as â€Å"what makes laicization unique in Latin America?† and â€Å"To what extent is it necessary given the split throughout the region between Catholicism, Protestantism, and popular religion?† Within the context of Laicization, three unique elements are evident. First, it provides people with the freedom of personal conscience. In this case, every individual is entitled to own conscience. This therefore meant that by privatisation of religion, the state would protect all individuals regardless of their r eligious status. It further implies that interference would arise in whichever religion citizens chose to follow. Largely, this freedom brought social and moral liberalisation. Secondly, independence of politics from religion is a unique element of Laicization. In fact, it introduced the ideology of separation of the church from the state, meaning that both would act as separate entities. This extends to the freedom in decision-making and rule implementation. Finally, elimination of discrimination is a unique element in Laicization, which brought equality. The idea argues that anyone has the right and freedom to practice religion, regardless of gender differences. It meant that with uniformity of philosophical stands, equality would be embraced in all aspects of life.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Laicization is necessary to all religions because it introduced fre edom in both culture and religion. In an attempt to develop a good understanding of the concepts of discrimination, there has been a special focus on respect and balance in communities and individuals with differences in cultural and religious values. Having a monopoly religion had for many years brought about discrimination. However, the birth of religious pluralism gave birth to social coexistence between difference communities. In addition, the idea of Laicization has brought about modernisation even in the economy and politics. In fact, liberalization is a dominant aspect in these sectors. The process has further contributed to religious evolution, which in turn creates a social model that allows freedom in social and cultural interaction. Through democratic practices, laicization has made individual conscience strong. It provides individuals with the freedom of thinking and religion. Around the beginning of the 20th century, the complete separation of the church from the state and the universal declaration of laicity was a great achievement in Latin America. Diversity in religious philosophies has improved significantly, with citizens gaining the freedom of worship, conscience and sovereignty in their political will. Finally, it has brought about social mobility and the freedom to practice any religion.

Business Brief for Franklin Fan pany

Franklin Fan pany, the producer of the electric fan, was built up by engineers Dan Block and Ed Spriggs. The organization was started in Dan Block's garage and showed moderate however relentless growth for the first seven years. It was amid this time Mr. Block and Mr. Spriggs planned to shift the business to an old meat-packing warehouse situated on Chicago's South Side. As more area was available for storing the stock, the organization started producing extra series of fans; developing the business. After 15 years, the organization again migrated to a fresh modern warehouse and turned into the biggest autonomous producer of fans in the north central area. The area of new warehouse is greater than 100,000 square feet. The extra space has expanded limit from 65% to 90%, however sales growth did not increase (Krajewski, Malhotra, Ritzman, n.d). Capacity is the most extreme degree of output that an organization supports to prepare a product or give a service over a timeframe (investopedia , n.d). Capacity planning is necessary to decide ideal utilization of asset and plays an essential role in decision-making process, for instance, development of prevailing operations, changes to product line, beginning the new products, and so forth. Planning guarantees that operating cost is kept up at any possible measure without influencing the features. It ensures the organization to stay centred and can reach the long-term improvement plan. A plete objective of capacity planning is to meet the present and future level of the necessity at an irrelevant wastage (MSG, n.d). Manufacturing capacity is expanded to meet a quick rise in demand of the customer or to meet a future rise in customer demand. A quick capacity increase is procured by utilizing apparatus that is already in charge for some time using extra shifts or additional time; or deploying the work. Future capacity increments are a plished utilizing the present apparatus more effectively or purchasing new apparatus. Franklin Fan pany tries to increase its business units. Its goal is to pick up escalation in the fan market and acquire more portion of the overall industry. Franklin's want of escalation must be pelling because the more prominent the size of the market, the more noteworthy the benefit (Krajewski, Malhotra, Ritzman, n.d). However, the expansion in capacity of manufacturing brings about increased expenditure, more critical plexities, and requirement for skilful administration. Then again, insufficient production capacity can bring about decrease in orders which could provoke client dissatisfaction. Lacking capacity could in like manner realize over utilization of existing hardware and labour. Franklin Fan pany ought to have the capacity to coordinate business, development and capacity planning for long term presence (Krajewski, Malhotra, Ritzman, n.d). A manager can keep up a high state of capacity by keeping up a vital distance from bottlenecks in the production procedure. A bottleneck is a condition of blockage that moderates the procedure. Any event that stops production extends expenditure and may postpone a shipment of goods to a client. Deferrals may mean losing a customer order and possibly the loss of future business from the customer. Management can avoid bottlenecks by working with dependable sellers and appropriately training representatives (MSG, n.d). In case the manufacturing of the CF151 and PF302 fans are provided a level of quality, the Franklin Fan organization should make the fans and store them for the low demand season to counterbalance manufacturing limit requirement at the time when demand is high. This right idea ought to be used if the standardization is up to a determined level of generation of the fans. With the support of standardization, Franklin Fan pany can adjust capacity prerequisites in the midst of time when demand is high by producing stock in the time of low demand.

World word II concepts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

World word II concepts - Essay Example In 1942-43, however, the U.S. Army Air Force went to war following a daylight precision bombing doctrine, then drifted toward area bombing, culminating in the Dresden raid and the firebombing of Japan. Conceding that "ethical restraints were not the most important limitation on terror bombing," Crane argues that their influence-amid doctrines, command pressures, and public attitudes--"cannot be completely discounted" (p. 8), and relies on official reports and statements to survey the range of views of strategic bombing among the senior airmen. USAAF trial night bombing missions are not noted, nor are such shaping forces as pacifist lobbying, the Army Industrial College, the Geneva air talks, the Nye Hearings, many, many boards and committees, and the Color/Rainbow War Plans. Nor will many students of propaganda agree that serious concern for public opinion in war-waging dates from the American Civil War. Much of the genealogy of RAF area-bombing lies out of view, from the Independent Air Force in World War I and interwar Air Staff processes, through various Bomber Command chiefs frustrations, the area-bombing scheme of Lindemann, Churchills science advisor, to the August 1942 Moscow Conference, when Churchill promised Stalin to bomb German cities in lieu of a "Second Front." However bellicose in style and rhetoric, Bomber Command chief Air Marshal Sir Arthur "Bert" Harris, was heir to that momentum. Whatever his influence was on Americans, especially on LeMay, the latter is cast as a kind of air-age Cromwell, and his considerable organizing and leadership skills are muted. After speculating how Nimitz or MacArthur might have reined in LeMay, Crane judges the twenty-first Bomber Command "more efficient" than the RAF Bomber Command, which is perplexing since their respective milieux varied widely, in duration, technologies, and distances. Whatever its debits, Cranes study is well worth reading. It describes how

Ernst & Young Inc Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ernst & Young Inc - Case Study Example Its span to Europe, Middle East, Africa, America, Asia-Pacific and Japan and its service line of Assurance, Tax, Advisory and Transaction Advisory services does not give it the luxury to hire new employees every time. Training employees is an expensive affair and waste of resource, rehiring of employees is a cheaper method. Each employee in an organization brings a different skill and expertise that make the organization run more efficiently and be productive. Those employees that are inconsistent with the company policy of work ethics and do not conform to the company’s policy should not be rehired when they leave. A former employee would reapply owing to the following reasons: 1. Posting of job vacancies on the website may create a feeling not being appreciated by the company as competent for the job. They may feel as if the company does not consider them qualified enough for existing positions. 2. Employees who left the organization, pursued other areas or even the same area of expertise, and are doing well, may create a desire for the current employees to leave and pursue their career development out of the

Information security risk assessment and mitigation strategies develop Thesis Proposal

Information security risk assessment and mitigation strategies development - Thesis Proposal Example Therefore, it is relevant to any company to develop security risk assessment and mitigation strategy to save data from potential external risk. In order to facilitate the process security risk assessment and mitigation strategies with regards to information security, it is relevant to work out a mechanism of dealing with the potential hazard of data steal from any company. On the basis of modern studies, it is relevant to develop a holistic strategy to data security provision that would be based on the principles applicable for any company. This research is focused on considering strategic steps of security management taken in case potential information hazards may occur. The research question is the following: â€Å"How is it possible for any organization to improve and apply effective information security risk assessment and mitigation strategies†. Moreover, it is further on suggested how to work out security risk assessment process. Therefore, a practical aspect of security management is correlated with recent theoretical findings presented in contemporary researches and studies. This research has been mainly developed for the needs of the organizations requiring improvement of information security risk assessment and mitigation strategies. This research is relevant from practical point of view. Though it is based on recent researches and findings in the field of information security, it brings in an innovative vision about the role of information security and strategies directed on dealing with it.

Analysis On Indian International Business Scenarios

Analysis On Indian International Business Scenarios The world that we live in today has progressed dramatically in almost all aspects. Considering these changes and trends in the course of time, we can relate from our observation that international business and its activities also have rather gone in for a change. When we reflect back to certain course of progression, especially international business scenario we can see and subsequently observes the many notable changes in and around us. Important feature to be noted initially can also be surmised towards Globalization and its impact today that have taken its course since the late 80s. In that context, the role and impact of globalization also have tremendously given a new dimension for international business and meaning in all matter thereof. Above all, international business today also designate and defines a hyper activity that have gone for a change altogether. A change for all the good reason though. But what defines international business or the meaning of its concepts? To be p recise in that regard, international business can be understood as to involve the exchange of goods and services across or within international and national boundaries for the sole purpose of commercial reasons. In addition, international business is also understood as an exchange process involving relationships, input and outputs, between social actions located in different countries. And there is every reason to relate that international business can be influenced by certain factors that are noncommercial as well such as social and political scenario, which together is in consideration. (Mohammad Reza Vaghefi, 1991, p. 4) Assimilating the meaning of international business from the aforementioned definition, we should acknowledge the fact that international business today provides abundant avenues. To top it all, the course of international business in the current state of affairs have advanced to a crucial and critical stage in all matters. What we can relate to the course of inte rnational business in the current state of affairs is the notion that understanding its features and the many interrelated factor is also very essentials, so as to drive home the idea. In doing so, we feel it would be pertinent that should be reflected constructively. In that essence, it is pertinent that issues and factor in consideration for the discourse of this work also is clarified. The following paragraph thus relates the issue in consideration. Identification of Issue and Objective: An Overview As we have surmised above to the notion of international business, analyzing its pertinent factors is crucial. In the discourse of this work and its analysis we can relate that international business as a subject study is a hot topic of discussion. Debate, discussion and arguments thus pertaining in favor and against international business also is constantly a matter of attention grabber, given the huge stakes in it. Hence, herein we can relate as to where the significant feature of the subject matter probable arguments stem from. Considering these factors, it should be clarified that the purpose and objective of this work in parts is to trace the relevancy of international and its role today. Comparative analysis thus is one domain that is central to the issue in consideration. To be precise, we are of the opinion that international business scenario today extrapolates an avenues for theories to be implied practically. Thus, the purpose of this work overall is to reflect upon features of international business scenario, its role and impact. In that sense, India as an international Business destination comes as a preferred country to reflect our analysis. The following questions also stems out:- What are the relation of relation of India and its participation in international trade and FDI intercalation? How the stocks, direction, volume and composition on international business scenario take shapes in India? Who constitutes major trading partner with India? That is to say, the Who whos on the list of India trade partners. How treaties, bilateral ties and all in between are integrated and streamlines in matter of internal business discourse? Subject to these questions, we feel the salient features in it also cannot just be viewed in general. There is reason enough that relating about international business should be based on certain background. In recent times India participation in international business reflects to the course of India emerging role in international business. Add to it, experts are of the opinion that international business in India today is lucrative enough and provides greater avenues and opportunities platforms. Yet the scope for improvement is also there. (Anonymous) In conjunction with the above concise historical sketch, we can augment that India today is in a progressive stage of dramatic developments. There is no denying the fact. India and its discussion in international scenario also readily grab attention for the sheer element attached to it. As a developing nations, India today have done exceedingly well enough in maintaining its economic and social growth constantly; subsequently attracting international investments, and extending its socio-cultural and economic relations across international borders. To top it all, the driving force in context of India dramatic rise in international business scenario also can be related to its political environment that have been stable to facilitate ties, trade and bilateral relation, which are crucial to international business to take roots. In the global stage, India today is viewed upon as the rising economic power in the making, and most importantly preferred investment destinations. Considering these aspects, we feel it would be prudent that theories of Trade and FDI should be taken as a first course of the structural process in order to assimilate the salient feature of international business and its activity in India, which is as follows. Theories of Trade and FDI International business and its discussion is rather complex in a sense. Thus, it is crucial that to understand the meaning of international theory and trend should form a part of this discussion. What we can assume from our observation of international business scenario is the fact that macro and micro-economics play a significant role in international business and its discourse. In that capacity, macroeconomic theories on internationalization reflect the salient features towards traditional approach to trade and FDI (Foreign Domestic Investment), as well as an interrelated theory on fragmentation. In that essence, it should be understood that macroeconomic theory provides an insight on the basic driving force of economies and its activities, which is thus based upon internationalization and its processes and procedures. (Vogelsang, 2010, p. 84) Theoretically, the subject relation and pattern of internationalization and its discussion at most instances reflect or combine traditional macroeconomic theories that lay emphasis upon trade and FDI. We cant deny this fact considering that without relevant trade agreements, ties and FDI the very object of international business doesnt make sense at all. Moreover, approaches towards international business also verily take a starting discourse from within the domains of trade and FDI. Thus, trade and FDI in context of international business and macroscopic theory forms an important part and foundation of internationalization and its processes. Hence, understanding trade in one part and common approaches towards FDI is also crucial to drive home the idea. The question that arises thus is what constitutes the features of trade in international business? Laying emphasis on this notion, we are of the opinion that trade in international business is one important approach. Trade in context of international business and macroeconomic theory defines the notion of purchasing in spot markets without any barrier. That is to say international business approach at the core undertakes and shape trading scenario with other countries within and across international borders. Ricardo model thus is considered to be the best explanation to international trade approach. (Vogelsang, 2010, p. 84) What is significant to Ricardo model can be reflected towards comparative advantage due to trade. Given thus, different partner are required to carry out trade for comparative advantage and to streamline the process of internationalization. To derive th e meaning of it, we feel it should be exemplified to certain cases related to India today. As we are aware, today India plays a crucial emerging role in export and import for different commodities to sustain and facilitate the economic process. Internationalization has opened up large avenues for India to trade with likeminded parties in the international market. Take for instance US, UK, China, etc. Latest news highlight in regard to trade concerning India reflects that India is more likely to open up dialogue towards bilateral trade and ties with trading partners, which is one central factor of international trade and its policy. Such highlights also reflects India emerging role in internationalization. (EconomicTimes, 2010) Apart from trade, considering the salient features of FDI at best can be drawn to the meaning of it in simple form. Foreign Domestic Investment when approached to international business defines the changing structure of property owners in the country invested in. That is to say, ownership of the course of investment takes a different shape. FDI thus can be differentiated between the following:- Greenfield investment: It relate to factor such as when a new plant is established in a foreign country. Vertical integration: Vertical integration to FDI approaches relate to factor of acquisition of supplier along the value chains Horizontal Integration: Concerning horizontal integration, the meaning of it concerns the mergers of companies from a position of the value chains. In that capacity, the best example that we can cite is the emergence of MNC (Multinational Companies). (Vogelsang, 2010, p. 84) Assimilating these theoretical meaning, we are of the opinion that its approaches is also very crucial. Take for example case scenario in India today. What we can relate to Indian Economic process is the mushrooming number of MNC in most sectors and industry. Such a development is good and perfect to facilitate growth, internationalization and to derive the meaning of international business concepts. What we can speculate is that FDI in India was initiated way back in 1992. In two decade from then, today FDI has played a crucial role in the development of the economy, and to a certain degree enabling India to maintain progressive growth, financial stability and raising the standards of living. (EconomyWatch) Considering these aspects as detailed above in context of theories of trade and FDI, we feel India have tremendously had a share of its practical implication in all matter thereof, which we can conclude that FDI and Trade have had a major impact on India Economic process since the late eighties due to the direct impact of internationalization and its process. Social Cultural Forces: Its aspects and Impacts in India Culturally, India displays a unique substance and essence when benched marked on the cultural fronts. But it should also be understood that India of the yesteryears and today are two different cultural identities. Speaking, it doesnt mean to relate the features that India has lost its sheen of traditional aspects, but the change in the cultural domains that have been witnessed all these years that have reshaped the image ion India in international context. In the 21st century today, the cultural face of India displays a sheer combination of improvements in all aspects. Let consider herein the features that can be related towards work ethics and its culture. In that aspect, we are of the notion that the emergence of India and its transgression into international scenario have redefined the scope of its work ethics overall. India today displays a sheer combination of progression all domains of the economy and its processes. As we have related earlier, FDI, foreign Trade, and stocks hav e progressed dramatically in the current state of affairs that is often credited to the rise of India middle class society. India today is viewed upon as a nation that offers tremendous growth factor when it concern works, given the work ethics that reflects international trends. This is also one attracting features. To top it all, such a progression in recent times has opened up avenues of possibilities for India to transform its work culture by benefitting directly from international business and comparative management and practices. Above all, skilled manpower and the emergence of powerful middle class in the society today also have given a new dimension to India work ethics that is diverse in its scope and reach. (Anonymous) Put it to India growth rate today that is calculated to be at 9%, the very essence of it also mirrors the specific fact of India better work culture (RAGHAVAN) to have taken shape. In the second instance relating to India cultural domains in areas such as family, kingship, religion and traditional cultural aspects, its course have also undergone dramatic changes. Yet it should be understood that despite the changes all around, India havent part with its traditional cultural identity. India as a nation today displays a sheer combination of modernity with a dash and perfect blend of traditions. That also perfectly defines India social cultural essence, which we can conclude is due to the outcome of direct impact of the internationalization process. Moreover, the economic process in India today can be subjected towards social cultural impact is significant in the effort of sustain growth and maintain constraint development in all aspects of its economic, social and political processes. However, we feel that without relating to the aspects encompassing India Education, health, gender equality and most important people attitudes, the very object of social cultural d iscussion also cannot be complete. Considering these features, we feel that in the health sector accelerating growth defines the same in India. Justifying the same, we can augment our point by relating towards India role in upgrading its health sector to facilitate better facilities and to derive the direct effect of it in context of international business environment. Entry of private sector is one important step towards upgrading service quality in Indian health industry. Moreover, the impact of corporatization and comparative trends also has significantly brought about new norms to be followed. Thus, improvements in health related scenario have dramatically improved, wherein the direct impact of internationalization also can be reflected with strata such as the emerging trend of integrating technology, telemedicine and medical tourism. (TradeChakra) As per available report with CBC news dated way back to 2004, there is a highlight in which it relates that India is preferred desti nation for medical activities, be it for individuals form US, Canada or elsewhere. The simple fact to such a change in trends can be looked upon the scenario of Indian Medical industry that has progressed dramatically. To top it all, the cost factor also plays a significant role towards Indian medical industry trends that is fast catching up worldwide and considered to be a multi-billion industry in the making. (CBCNews, 2004) As for educational sectors, literary rate among Indian inhabitants today should directly relate to the impact of international process within the socio-cultural environment and its impact. When compared to wards the current state and two decades down the line, India Education sector also improved dramatically in recent times. Compulsory Education Act passed by the parliament in 2009 signify a serious efforts made by India policy makers to reaps the benefits of Education today. The landmark Education Acts and free Education Policy is with an outlook to facilitate the increasing needs for education among citizens. (IndiaEduNews, 2009) In addition, as per India literacy census commencing 2001 there is indication that literary rate have notch an overall 65%, in which male literacy rate is calculated at 75%, whereas for females the literacy rate is 53%. Benchmarking with 1991 census, there is a dramatic improvement in the educational front as well, (IndiaGovermentReport, 2005) which indic ates the rise of India in the global stage. (India Literacy Graph Annexure I attached at the End) Assimilating these facts, we feel that there is a great scope for investment within the Education or Health sector in India. Above all, the changing demographic also signify India emergence in the international scenario. Hence, considering these aspects, we feel that their role towards international business environment is also very significant. Surprisingly from socio-cultural perspectives, gender equality in India also has gone for a change. Societal attitudes towards women, their role, status and equity have been redefined. India constitutional impact in that regard also professes gender equality as fundamental rights, which barred the subjugation, disparity and discrimination of women folks in the society. Empowering women and the role played by India policy makers also signifies an emergence of India in the international platform. (AzadIndiaFoundation, 2010) Thus, what we see today in and around are the rise of women power within the corporate sectors, where their role is being recognized as befitting towards socio-cultural developments. Thus, accumulating together the analysis as stated above, we are of the opinion that India social and cultural forces, its impact and aspects have given a new dimension in context of international business environment. Natural Environment and Sustainability In international management and its study, understanding the relationship of natural environment and sustainability is also one important attribute. Hyper international activities today rings back the crucial element and question of natural environment and sustainability. Likewise, it should also be acknowledged that natural environment is often a critical factor, given that it is the source of support for everything used in business, such as sources of energy, life sustaining factors and other elements. Hence, the natural environment in all instances determines what can be done in the society and how institutions can functions. Above all, resource availability is the most fundamental factor in the development of business in societies (Cherunilam, 2007, p. 112) We feel the natural environment in contemporary India have rather gone for a drastic change in all aspects. Aas per available reports, India land area is a vast coverage of approximately 1,229,737 sq. mi. That is to say, land area coverage in India is about 3,287,590 sq. km approx. The climatic condition in India varies from tropical to temperate in parts of India geographical locations. The topography of India is surrounded by the Deccan plateau in the southern region, deserts in the western region and the Himalayas in the northern region. (IndianChild) To top it all, natural environment infrastructure is India is also in a developing stage, with much scope for further development. The infrastructure for water supply, ground water management is in tune with the current need and requirement of the contemporary trend. However, the sad state of affairs is that sustainable features are yet to derive it course. Although green revolution in India has started way back since the late 80s, b ut most of its impact is within the agricultural domain, considering that India is an agricultural country. (Chandra, 2004, pp. 127-130) But what is not surprising to note is the fact that since independence industrialization has transformed the natural development course of India. In all instance, the combining discourse towards natural environment and sustainability is a major things that gets policy makers a hard time. What we can relate to the point of natural environment and sustainability in India is the fact that increasing urbanization has brought in it the baggage of many harmful effects. Yet we can be sure to speculate that Indian natural environment that influence international business is well balanced. However, much grounds work need to be initiated to propagate a sustainable development course that can further rings in the benefits for the society. The important aspects of natural environment in maintaining sustainable growth in facilitating the process of internationalization cannot be brushed aside. To top it all, Scholars also have asserted that at the course of any social system is the natural environment and the available technology. In that aspect, these factors also define the possibility of human actions in the society. (Cherunilam, 2007, p. 112) The good news is that Indian policy makers are realizing the impact of globalization; both negative and positive features, to have subsequently initiated certain grounds rules to asses the natural environment constructively and to propagate sustainable development course as a measure. In the context, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in India defines the purpose and scope of it through its process that translate into impact assessment that is officially recognized towards an essential exercise in the course of implementing development projects. The formation of Department o f Environment in India in 1980 is also with the sole aim to access factor that can harness sustainable development in tune with internationalization. (Ghosh, 2003, p. 247) We can further comment that, India is fortunate enough to have the richness of its natural resources and abundant diversity of living resources. Thus the need of the time is to adequately manage such aspect of natural environment, in order to harness the development course for all time. The salient feature in that essence also can be laid emphasis to the degree that a nation can prosper only when resource of the environment is utilized efficiently to satisfy human needs and expectation. (Ghosh, 2003, p. 313) Assimilating the abovementioned discussion, what we drive home from the idea on natural environment and sustainability in context of international business can be related towards the trends that have shifted towards ethics in discourse, and factor the determines the course of business to flourish and take course. We are aware that increasing internationalization has also added up a bundle of ethical issues to crop up. One example in that regard is the diminishing factor of natural resources and its reserves. Due to internationalization, environmental concerns also have increasingly grown. Cases as such can be reflected towards global warming and its effects due to direct impact of international business and its increasing activity. Moreover, increasing dependent of the modern society and nations upon natural resources also have threaten to change the very face of the natural environment, such as natural reserves of fossil fuels; impacting the ecological process and physical phenomeno n in due course. Finally what we can conclude is that policy makers in India are facilitating the right course of action to harness the impact of globalization, which posits the point of natural environment and sustainability. Economic and Socio-Economic Factors In international business, economic and socio-economic factor also plays a significant influential role. To be precise, we are of the opinion that the economic process today is governed and influenced by social forces. There is no denying this fact. What is relevant to the study of socio-economic forces can be laid emphasis to the notion that social trends and its impact directly have a role to play in socioeconomic process. But what are those social forces that directly shapes the determine norms to the economic process? To top it all, do social institutions also constitutes a part of the process? To this notion, the answer is yes, given that social institution today has a major and central role to contribute towards socioeconomic integration and its processes. To identify social forces, we should understand that much of it is related to posit a factor or force that has a direct relation with social phenomena with the capability to cause change in all forms of its interaction proces ses. Assimilating this notion we bring to the subject discussion that social forces can either be identified with the cultural, institutional and other aspects. Speaking of institutions, we are aware that their presence and role in the society today is central. In India for instance, institution to a large extent influence the socio-economic process. We are aware that India is a democratic nation. Hence, impact and direct interaction of social institutions almost make a mark in all aspects concerning economic process. Take for instance a bank, as an institution play a major part in facilitating economic process, and yet bridge a way to internationalization processes. Without financial institution, the unsanitary economic discourse would not have been possible. To top it all, the role media plays in India and elsewhere also directly influences the social phenomena in one form or the other. As we are aware, in international business Public relation is a major part of the overall consideration. Through media forms awareness can be facilitated concerning many crucial facts and significant discourse. Thus, what we see is that advancement in technology also often rings in the social change process, and trends to take shape. In that regard, socio-economic process finds its consideration to the change in patterns and attitude of people to certain phenomena. In that regard, policy makers also find a hard time to bridge the gap that arises due to socio-economic aspects. In India the same phenomena is also being observed, especially relating to technology and its impact. What we can reflect to this notion is the fact that technology advancement is often known to further extend the gap between rural and urban development. For example, the case can be traced to the extensive use of internet in urban households. However, benchmarking it with rural households there is a large gap, which often worries policy makers today. (Wal J. Taylor, 2003.) In that essence, we can trace as to how the socio-economic factor determines the course of actions and likewise. We are aware that contemporary Indi a and the emergence of institutional role have facilitated and assist the country to harness the opportunities of globalization. What the social institution have played in India can be reflected towards the governmental agencies and their policies. It is through the interaction of the social institution that policies such as economic linearization have seen the face of daylight in India. To top it all, policies related to foreign trade, investment and political participations also have been possible due to the simple facts of institutional role in all instance. Thus what we can drive home the point in that regard is that through social-economic interaction, India today have been able to harness the befitting force in facilitating economic, social, and political growth and development. Fact sheets available with CIA fact book also trace the important element attached to the discussion in this regard. (CIAWorldFActBook, 2010) Assimilating the above discussion, we feel that social institutions be it government agencies and the likes have played a significant role to influence the process of economic activities in India. To cite an example again, we feel that governmental body and their agencies through the formulation of policies and other agenda facilitates economic integration directly. It is through policies that bilateral ties trade and other aspects in the list of economic and social agenda are being realized through the actions of policy makers and larders. The role that government bodies plays today in a democratic nation is also one of the many course that defines the socio-economic factors. Institution itself can be in many forms that define the aspects comprising organizations; the interaction between people and the likes. Moreover, as we are aware political process also take its course and actions in all aspects of the social and economic process. In current state of affairs in India the same phenomena also can be witnessed. That is why we see a heightened sense of political origination concerning international business and its discussion. The role that Indian leaders play in facilitating ties, bilateral trade and other features of agreements in the international body also can be laid emphasis in context of the social-economic process. As we have detailed in the earlier discussion, political bodies and government agencies also helps to streamline the economic process through their activities in all instances. The point that we want to argue can be laid emphasis towards situation being undertaken in discourse, and subsequently policies being reached out to carry out actions in practical terms. Thus, what we can conclude to the features of this part of the discussion is the fact that social institutions, be it public, private, governmental or NGOs in all instances influence the economic process of a nation. Hence, understanding the socio-economic forces that play a significant role in contemporary India in integral to derive the meaning of it in one form, and to drive home the idea that economic and social factors often determines the course of international business, its interaction. Political and Legal Environment What is political and what is legal are two different features of the meaning and their term. By political we can simply lay emphasis to the aspects encompassing political institution as such. Hence to ring back the meaning of political forces, we feel the best example can be laid emphasis towards governmental bodies, political leadership and the form of democracy in that regard. Often than not, we found ourselves speculating why political forces decides the course of economic process in the global economy today? Would not we have been well off if there have been no interference for political force? To reach our point in that regard we feel it can be the greatest misrepresentation and misunderstanding. There is no question that society today can flourish without any interference from political forces. That world that we live in today also makes it more relevant for political forces to form a part of the process. Without political forces and their interference, the world would have be en in shambles. Thus, the important features of political forces can be traced. India as a democratic nation has come a long way since the first act of parliament was established. Above all, in context of international business, political force and their influence is one important feature. For a foreign investor or businessman, understanding the role of political force in India can help dramatically in facilitating a course that is legit and in the right earnest. What is crucial to the notion of political force in India in context of international business, or likewise can be looked with the aspects encompassing political interaction. As we can relate toward Indian political business discussion, we should initially understand that the discourse of it is complex. Evolving political and business landscape in India in recent time can be traced to the role political leaders and their leadership have played, nationally and internationally to influence the process. In that regard, we are of the opinion that without any political forces, landscape to facilitate and tap ped the impact of globalization also would not have been possible. Crucial point in that regard can be traced back to the

Symbolism and Irony in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown Essay -- Young

Symbolism and Irony in Young Goodman Brown      Ã‚     Ã‚   Nathaniel Hawthorne's " Young Goodman Brown " is the story of a young man faced with the reality that evil is a part of human nature. The story illustrates how naivetà © can drive a person to lunacy. Young Goodman Brown, who symbolizes that Puritan " every man, " is shocked when he sees respected clergymen and women of his village at the devil's communion. His disbelief that it is normal and acceptable to be intrinsically evil causes him to live a life of despair. In the story, symbolism and irony are cleverly implemented to show that no one is completely good or evil, and that the tension between these opposites is where power to progress onward is generated. There are more elements to the story than just the battle of good vs. evil. Sexuality also becomes an issue in the story.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   At the beginning of the story, Young Goodman Brown bids farewell to his young wife. The particular aspect of his life that she represents is illustrated by her name " Faith. " Faith " ...thrusts her pretty head into the street, letting the wind play with the pink ribbons of her cap... " (Hawthorne 272). Already the dynamic symbolism between nature and the home is set up. Nature, particularly the wind, forest, and darkness symbolizes sinfulness and evil. The home, specifically Faith and her pink ribbons, symbolizes the perceived safety and security of the Puritan community as asylum from the sin of the rest of the world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Goodman Brown begins his journey into the woods. He reprimands himself for leaving Faith on such an errand, but promises to " cling to her skirts and follow her to Heaven " (Hawthorne 272) when he returns. This " errand " is never clarified, but it... ...986. 5: 2737-40. Fogle, Richard, H. Hawthorn's Fiction: The Light and the Dark. Oklahoma. University of Oklahoma Press, 1964. Hawthorne, Nathaniel. "Young Goodman Brown" An Introduction to Reading and Writing. Ed. Alison Reeves. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1995. Shear, Walter. "Cultural fate and social freedom in three American short stories." Studies in Short Fiction, fall 92, Vol. 29 Issue 4, p543, 7p. Swisher, Clarice., ed. "Color and Images in The Scarlet Letter." Readings on Nathaniel Hawthorne. Greenhaven Press, Inc., 1996. VonFrank, Albert J. "Pretty in Pink: Young Goodman Brown and New-World." Critical Essay on Hawthorn's Short Stories, Boston: G.K. Hall & Co., 1991. Zanger, Jules. "Young Goodman Brown" and "A White Heron":Correspondences And illuminations. Papers on Language & Literature. Summer90, Vol. 26 Issue 3, p346, 12p.